The notion of creationism, in the field of theology, refers to the doctrine that maintains that God created the universe out of nothing, in addition to having directly intervened in the creation of the human soul to differentiate ourselves from other beings alive.
According to creationism, everything starts from God. Since God is eternal, the position of creationism implies certain philosophical dilemmas: What was there before the world? How do you create something from nothing?
There is a metaphysical principle that "nothing comes out of nowhere . " If the universe, which encompasses everything that exists, had an origin, it would have emerged precisely from nothing, contradicting the aforementioned principle. To overcome this contradiction, it would be necessary to accept that the universe always existed. For creationism, that existence is given by God, who is eternal and has always existed.
Creationism is often claimed to be opposed to the theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin. This scientist explained that species, including humans, are derived from others. This would therefore assume that God did not create man from nothing. For creationists, on the other hand, each species is the fruit of an act of divine creation.
The idea of ​​creationism, in short, is used to refer to any act of creation carried out by a divinity. Creationists often take Genesis (the first book of the Bible) literally and do not accept the existence of an evolution of species. Creationism also contradicts the dating of the Earth by science.
A part of the Christian creationists assure that our planet is young, so young that it does not reach 10,000 years old; more specifically, they usually point out that it was created by the god Yahweh 6000 years ago, as described in the Ussher-Lightfoot Calendar . In other words, this ideology does not take into account scientifically based theories of the emergence of the universe and the Earth.
Many Protestant churches in North America support the Young Earth vision: Statistically, this is the theory that is respected by approximately 47% of North Americans, and about 10% of Christian universities teach it in their classrooms. Some Christian organizations, such as the Creation Research Institute and the Creation Research Society, also believe in this ideology.
Young Earth creationism is divided into three views:
* the one who categorically rejects the theory of the evolution of species, as well as any indication of evolution of planet Earth, according to geological studies. This is the most common form of ideology;
* the one that is subtitled "ambiguous", which contemplates the possibility that all living beings except human beings have evolved;
* the so-called "of a rapid evolution", according to which the god Yahweh carried out the creation in a few days, so that the evolution did take place but it occurred in just one week.
In the field of literature, finally, creationism is the name of a poetic movement that emerged in the early twentieth century, postulating the absolute autonomy of the poem. According to this movement, the poem does not reflect the appearance of nature, but rather follows its internal logic and impulses.